The former capital of British India and the capital of Bengal is Kolkata. Kolkata is the only city in India with a tram service.
And the first city to have an underground metro system. It is also the city of Bengalis, with food, drama, art, and literature. Kolkata is more than you could ever think. Kolkata, the largest urban centre in eastern India is a hub for the manufacturing, transportation, and trade.
People who are interested in history will find the city to be attractive. Because it was built by British colonial settlers.
Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, is one of India's most well-known cities and is situated in the country's eastern region. Due to its tactical place, the city has historically experienced a number of considerable political and social upheavals.
For this reason, its history is important to the sequential explanation of the complete situation on the Indian subcontinent and in the rest of the world. Kolkata has also been subject to some of the well-known bureaucratic and monarchical rules, which have significantly impacted its culture.
Bengal entered a period of "Renaissance" due to the expansion of education and westernisation. Numerous social reform initiatives were carried out, the city became the epicentre of the Indian Independence struggle, and the country's growingly intelligent populace began comprehending what independence meant.
All the difficulties resulted in the relocation of British India's capital to Delhi. Even after the move, Kolkata continued to be an important centre for trade and the independence movement.
An East India Company agent named Job Charnock first visited the city in 1690 and acquired three villages (Sutanuti, Kolkata, and Gobindapur) from the local landowner.
Calcutta was the name given to the city by the East India Company as it began to grow as a Presidency city in 1699. Following its designation as the capital of British India in 1772, Calcutta came under the strong control of the British.
The city quickly became industrialised. Kolkata's governor general, Richard Wellesley, put a lot of effort into the city's architecture and transformed it into the "City of Palaces." This was a time when the British heavily influenced Kolkata's culture.
Kolkata has developed into India's intellectual and cultural centre as a result of its extensive history and illustrious traditions.
Bengalis are passionate about poetry, music, theatre, film, and visual arts. In Kolkata, there are numerous art galleries, museums, historic structures, motion pictures, and musical productions.
The most lavish religious holiday in the city is Durga Puja when people dress in vermillion hues, and the streets transform into beautiful kaleidoscopes. Large and vibrant clay idols of the goddess Durga are on exhibit in open pavilions called pandals as the streets are lighted with millions of lamps.
Kolkata has a subtropical climate with a monsoon-dominated seasonal cycle (rain-bearing winds). The average high temperature ranges from about 80 F (27 C) in December and January to almost 100 F (38 C) in April and May. It is warm all year round. On average, about 64 inches of rainfall annually (1,625 mm).
The monsoon season, which runs from June to September, occurs most of this time. These months are frequently hot and muggy. Rainfall decreases in October and November.
The peaceful and rain-free winter months last from approximately the end of November to the end of February. Fogs and mists may, however, sometimes restrict sight in the early morning hours and dense blankets of smog do the same in the evenings.
Since the early 1950s, there has been a significant rise in atmospheric pollution. The main sources of this pollution are factories, automobiles, and thermal power plants that burn coal. However, monsoon winds act as purifying agents by bringing in fresh atmospheric circulation and accelerating the expulsion of water pollution.
